欧盟成立专项单位助力成员国应对网络攻击

发布时间: 2021-07-05

欧盟委员会近日宣布已宣布计划建立一个联合网络单位，专项应对大规模的网络攻击。

欧盟声称，最近在爱尔兰和美国发生的针对关键服务的勒索软件已经引起了各方关注，反网络攻击刻不容缓。

网络攻击如今无疑已经成为一种国家安全威胁，欧洲的网络攻击事件这一两年来骤增，从2019年的432起上升到2020年的756起。

该委员会的成立旨在在严重的攻击中，可以将一个由多国网络专家组成的专项团队迅速部署到被攻击的欧洲国家。

欧盟委员会副主席Margaritis Schinas在发布该欧盟决策时说，上个月针对美国燃料供应的黑客攻击是欧盟“必须准备好应对的噩梦般的情况”。

上个月，一个名为Darkside的网络犯罪团伙迫使Colonial管道脱机近一周，造成大规模恐慌和由于疯抢囤货带来的燃料短缺。

在另外的勒索案例中，黑客使用赎金软件窜改和窃取一个组织的计算机数据，并以此威胁受害者交出赎金才能使服务恢复正常。

美国政府最近也成立了一个针对勒索软件的打击小组，而英国国家网络安全中心也认为，勒索软件是英国面对的最大的网络威胁。

欧盟委员会表示，正在进行的对爱尔兰卫生服务的勒索软件攻击也是一个令人忧心的信号，这表明网络攻击已经开始高度威胁国家安全。

爱尔兰的卫生服务执行局（HSE）受到一个名为Conti的勒索软件组的攻击，该软件扰乱了爱尔兰卫生服务网络系统，对许多医院造成了重大干扰。HSE负责人Paul Reid周三告诉议会卫生委员会，修复系统将需要数月时间。他说，修复工作将花费多达1亿欧元（8500万英镑），而且还将产生巨大的人力成本。

而欧盟内部相关专员Thierry Breton告诉记者，联合网络单位的快速反应小组可以帮助爱尔兰从危机中恢复。他说，该单位将在类似情况下提供帮助，“非常迅速地部署一个专门的团队，我们现在没有能力这样做。我们也知道，等待的时间越长，情况就越糟糕，所以更快、更团结的网络攻击应对策略是联合网络单位的目标”。Breton坚持认为，新单位将不会与国家网络实体竞争或重复工作，他承诺建立一个团队，提供虚拟和实际的支持，利用多国联合资源来提供业务和技术援助。其目的是确保联合网络单位将在明年6月前开始运作，并在一年后，即2023年6月30日前全面建立。

原文：

The European Commission has announced plans to build a Joint Cyber Unit to tackle large scale cyber-attacks.

Recent ransomware incidents on critical services in Ireland and the US has "focused minds", the commission said.

It argued cyber-attacks were a national security threat, as incidents in Europe rose from 432 in 2019 to 756 in 2020.

A dedicated team of multi-national cyber-experts will be rapidly deployed to European countries during serious attacks, it said.

Launching the proposals, European Commission vice-president Margaritis Schinas said last month's hack on US fuel supplies was 'the "nightmare scenario that we have to prepare against".

Last month, a cyber-criminal gang called Darkside forced the Colonial Pipeline offline for nearly a week, causing panic buying and fuel shortages.

Ransomware hackers use malicious software to scramble and steal an organisation's computer data - charging victims money to return services back to normal.

The US government has also recently formed a Ransomware Task Force, while the UK's National Cyber Security Centre warns that ransomware is the biggest cyber-threat to UK.

The European Commission said that the ongoing ransomware attack on Ireland's health service is another sign that cyber-attacks are a national security issue.

The Health Service Executive (HSE) in Ireland was hit by a ransomware group called Conti which scrambled IT systems, causing major disruption to many hospitals.

HSE chief Paul Reid told the Oireachtas health committee on Wednesday that it will take months to fix the system.

He said it will cost as much as €100m (£85m) to recover, and will also have large "human costs".

Thierry Breton, EU commissioner for the internal market, told reporters that the Joint Cyber Unit's rapid reaction teams could have helped Ireland recover from the crisis.

He said the unit would help in similar scenarios by "deploying very quickly a dedicated team which we don't have the capacity to do now. We know that the longer you wait the worse it is, so faster and more solidarity is what you can expect".

Mr Breton insisted that the new unit will not compete with national cyber-entities or duplicate work.

He promised to build a team to provide support virtually and physically, using resources "from one country to another" to deliver operational and technical assistance.

The aim is to ensure that the Joint Cyber Unit will be operational by June next year, and that it will be fully established one year later, by 30 June 2023.

本文转载自：BBC www.bbc.com

原文作者：Joe Tidy

原文地址：https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-57583158

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