后疫情时代，区块链与隐私计算共同助力打破数据孤岛

发布时间: 2021-05-13

在COVID-19爆发期间，医疗网络服务发展迅速，而大数据在发展中起到了关键作用。在医疗行业，新的医疗模式和前沿研究也需要大量的病人数据来验证。然而，由于缺乏有效的隐私保护，数据无法共享，造成医疗数据 "数据孤岛 "的现象，这无疑是疫情中亟待解决的问题。同时，医疗大数据的广泛使用也引发了民众对隐私泄露和数据滥用的担忧，引发了社会对数据安全和隐私保护的关注。

这些问题不仅存在于医疗行业，也存在于其他行业。政府部门以保护商业机密为由，拒绝交易自己的数据，也出于安全、利益、技术等方面的考量，不愿意分享数据。这加剧了 "数据岛 "问题，限制了数据价值的最大化。

在目前的数据市场上，用户每天都会产生新的在线数据，但他们并不拥有这些数据。数据掌握在各个独立的平台或第三方手中，造成了数据所有权的分割，这被称为 "数据岛"。数据隐私保护和共享机制的缺乏是数据认证的主要障碍。

区块链为数据验证提供了一个机会。区块链是一种分布式账本技术，旨在通过多节点的共同参与实现交易记账，每个节点的账目都是完整的，无法被篡改。这有助于将用户纳入三方治理账户，实现数据生产、数据垄断和数据使用的不受影响和不间断。

通过节点授权，最终的数据收入可以在各方之间按比例分享，实现了数据所有权的共享。虽然在这个过程中交易信息是共享的，但账户信息是高度加密的。因此，零知识证明是保护账户隐私的一个有效策略。零知识证明是指在不向验证者提供任何有用信息的情况下，让验证者相信他具有某种知识或能力，例如，在不透露用户身份的情况下实现资产转移。

区块链技术可广泛应用于设备认证、通信加密等领域，为打破 "数据孤岛"、促进数据交易提供有力支撑。

数据共享交易的实现和潜在价值的释放，发生在 "产权确认-隐私保护-共同计算-价值共享 "的价值链上。该方案被金融和区块链行业广泛接受，是基于隐私计算和人工智能相结合的解决方案，通过将多种密码学算法与前沿的区块链技术相结合，为解决密钥管理等安全问题提供了新途径。

原文：

During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical networking services developed rapidly, and big data played a key role in the development. In the medical industry, new medical models and cutting-edge research also require a large number of patient data to verify. However, due to the lack of effective privacy protection, data cannot be shared, resulting in the "data island" phenomenon, which has become a big problem to be solved. At the same time, the widespread use of medical big data also triggered the issue of privacy leaks and data abuse, and raised social concerns about data security and privacy protection.

These problems exist not only in the medical industry, but also in other industries. Citing the protection of trade secrets and refusing to trade their own data, government departments are also reluctant to share data because of security, interests, technology, and other concerns. This exacerbates the "data Island" problem, which restricts the maximization of data value.

In the current data market, users produce new online data every day, but they do not own the data. Data is held in the hands of each independent collector, resulting in the compartmentalization of data ownership, which is referred to as "data Island." The lack of data privacy protection and sharing mechanism is the main obstacle for data authentication.

Blockchain provides an opportunity for data validation. Blockchain is a distributed ledger technology designed to realize transaction accounting through the joint participation of multi-nodes, and each node account is complete and cannot be tampered with. This helps in integrating users into the three-party governing account for insusceptible and uninterrupted data production, data monopoly and data use.

Through node authorization, the final data income is shared among the parties in proportion to realizing the sharing of data ownership. Although transaction information is shared in this process, account information is highly encrypted. Therefore, zero-knowledge proof is an effective strategy to protect the privacy of accounts. Zero-knowledge proof is to make the verifier believe that he has certain knowledge or ability without providing any useful information to the verifier, for example, to realize the asset transfer without disclosing user identity.

Blockchain technology can be widely used in equipment authentication, communication encryption and other areas to provide a strong support for breaking the "data island" and promoting data transactions.

The realization of data sharing transaction and potential value release happens on the value chain of "property right confirmation - privacy protection - co-computing - value sharing." The scheme, which is widely accepted by finance and blockchain industry, is based on the solution combining privacy computing and AI, which is a new way to solve security problems such as key management, by integrating multiple cryptography algorithms with frontier blockchain technology.

原文作者：Kiki Chen

本文转载自：Yahoo Finance  finance.yahoo.com

原文地址：https://finance.yahoo.com/news/data-island-problem-solved-combining-162500914.html

-